Submissions

Author Guidelines

Peer review:
This journal operates a single blind review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the
editor for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of two
independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the
final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor's decision is final.
Article Struture:
Essential title page information
Title
 Concise and informative.
 Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems.
 Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
 Author names and affiliations.
 Where the family name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicate this clearly.
Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names.
Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name
and in front of the appropriate address.
 Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name, and, if available,
the e-mail address of each author.
 Corresponding author.
 Clearly indicate who is willing to handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and
publication, also post-publication.
 The submitting author and the corresponding author must be the same person.
 Ensure that telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to
the e-mail address and the complete postal address.
 Present/permanent address.
 If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the
time, a "Present address"' (or "Permanent address") may be indicated as a footnote to that author's
name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main,
affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
Subdivision - numbered sections
Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then
1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for
internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to 'the text'. Any subsection may be given a brief heading.
Each heading should appear on its own separate line.
Abstract
A concise and factual abstract is required (150-250 words). The abstract should state briefly the purpose
of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from
the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if
essential, they must be cited in full, without reference to the reference list. Also, non-standard or
uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in
the abstract itself.

Keywords
Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding
general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, "and", "of"). Be sparing with
abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be
used for indexing purposes. Abbreviations Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a
footnote to be placed on the first page of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the
abstract must be defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote. Ensure consistency of
abbreviations throughout the article.
Introduction
State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey
or a summary of the results.
Methodology
Experimental Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published
should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.
Results
Results should be clear and concise.
Figure captions
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A
caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep
text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.
Tables
Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant
text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their
appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and
ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please
avoid using vertical rules and shading in table cells.
Discussion
This should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and
Discussion section is often appropriate but can also be mentioned separately. Avoid extensive citations
and discussion of published literature.
Conclusions
The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand
alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.
Acknowledgements
Collect acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not,
therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals
who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading
the article, etc.)
Nomenclature and units Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions:
Use the international system of units (SI). If other quantities are mentioned, give their equivalent in SI.
You are urged to consult the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
http://www.iupac.org/ for further information.
References/Citations
Citation in text Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and
vice versa) and should be arranged alphabetically. Any references cited in the abstract must be given in
full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but
may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either
'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Citation of a reference as 'in press' implies that the
item has been accepted for publication.
Supplementary Data
The additional data (Tables, Figures and Equations) should be provided in the supplementary data with
separate numbering and identified as; Table S1, Table S2……, Fig S1, Fig S2……., Eq. S1, Eq. S2 etc.