Exploring Downstream Processing Strategies for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) Derived from Industrial Fermentation

Abstract

Industrial fermentation is a commercial process involving the use of microbes to produce various goods with significant economic importance. The downstream processing of these products involves separating required metabolites and products from the fermentation broth and purifying them to the required level. Product recovery can cost 30-60% of the entire production cost. Factors such as product placement, chemical and physical characteristics of the culture broth, impurities, metabolite concentration, intentional application, required purity, consumer expectations, and finished product cost influence recovery method development. The article explores the potential of a bio-based economy, focusing on the efficient use of biomass in agriculture to create end goods like medicines and active pharmaceutical components. It discusses sustainable bioenergy production methods, bio-based goods, and biofuels, aiming to meet local needs and provide opportunities for larger markets. The study also discusses biotechnological alternatives, innovative fermentation methods, cultivation conditions improvement, enzyme synthesis, and metabolite extraction and purification procedures. It also discusses recent developments in downstream processing of active pharmaceutical ingredients and their fundamental and biotechnological features.